Hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate and applications thereof

ABSTRACT

Disclosed is a method for forming a hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate and applications thereof. The hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate comprises a first panel, a second panel, and multiple hollow pipes between the first panel and the second panel; gaps are arranged among the hollow pipes, and the hollow pipes are connected to the first panel and the second panel by brazing. The present disclosure further includes the applications of the hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate. The hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate has advantages, such as light weight, high strength, low stress, high temperature resistance, pressure bearing, thermal insulation and vibration isolation. The metal plate will not deform due to thermal difference, thereby providing permanent service life of the metal plate.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS AND CLAIM OF PRIORITY

This application is a continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional patentapplication Ser. No. 15/774,951 filed on May 9, 2018, and claimspriority under 35 U.S.C. § 365 to International Patent Application No.PCT/CN2017/103301 filed Sep. 26, 2017, entitled “HOLLOW PIPE-SANDWICHINGMETAL PLATE AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF”; and through Chinese PatentApplication No. 2016109674460, which was filed on Oct. 31, 2016; ChinesePatent Application No. 2017100693117, which was filed on Feb. 8, 2017;Chinese Patent Application No. 2017104653528, which was filed on Jun.19, 2017; Chinese Patent Application No. 2017106215941, which was filedon Jul. 27, 2017; Chinese Patent Application No. 2017106215956, whichwas filed on Jul. 27, 2017; and Chinese Patent Application No.2017107009640, which was filed on Aug. 16, 2017, each of which areincorporated herein by reference into the present disclosure as if fullyset forth herein.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of compositematerials, and in particular, to a hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plateand applications thereof.

BACKGROUND

Most sandwich composite plates adopt honeycomb plates. However, thesehoneycomb plates have the following defects: (1). Aslow-and-medium-temperature welding is adopted usually, for example, awelding temperature is 200° C. to 300° C. Once a honeycomb plate isaffected by a high temperature, for example, a fire occurs, it will leadto a great decrease in the strength of the honeycomb plate, thehoneycomb plate may even fall apart, and therefore such honeycomb platescannot be used in bearing structures. Because the honeycomb plates areextremely sensitive to environmental changes, the durability of bearingstructures will be greatly decreased, and moreover, the life is short,and safety is poor. (2). As honeycomb cores are normally arrangedtightly together, during heating, gas flow cannot flow uniformly in thehoneycomb cores. As a result, welding is nonuniform, false welding orlack of welding at multiple positions of the honeycomb cores or formingof crevices or holes may be caused easily, and therefore overall weldingstrength and structural stability are decreased. (3). The honeycombcores generally can be welded only by means of radiation heating.Heating by using this heating method is slow, easily leading tononuniform heating of a workpiece. Consequently, thermal deformation isengendered, a defective rate is increased greatly, service life isshortened, and production costs are increased. Furthermore, afterheating is complete, the workpiece needs to be transported into acooling chamber for cooling, and therefore heating and cooling cannot becompleted in one step. As a result, working time is prolonged greatly,and the efficiency is lowered. (4). The welding between the honeycombcores and panels is not firm, linear-contact or point-contact welding isadopted most, and overall stability is poor.

In addition, because of defects in welding processes and structures, allthe existing sandwich composite plates cannot be used in bearingstructures, cannot be brazed conveniently with hot gas, and do not haveproperties such as high strength and high temperature resistance.

SUMMARY

The objective of the present disclosure is to provide a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate with light weight, high strength, lowstress, pressure-bearing ability, heat-insulating ability and hightemperature resistance and applications thereof to overcome theabove-mentioned defects of the prior art.

The hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate of the present disclosurecomprises a first panel, a second panel, and multiple hollow pipesbetween the first panel and the second panel; a gap is arranged betweenat least two hollow pipes, and the hollow pipes are connected to thefirst panel and the second panel by brazing.

Further, through gas passages are arranged among the hollow pipes.High-temperature gas is utilized to flow through the gas passages forheating to braze the hollow pipes to the first panel and the secondpanel.

By arranging the through gas passages, the structure of the metal platecan be integrated with a brazing process, which, in comparison withmethods, such as radiation heating applied on the outer surface of themetal plate, has the following advantages: on one hand, thehigh-temperature gas runs through the inner cavity of the metal plateand is in contact with the hollow pipes, so that temperatures at allpositions of the metal plate are close, consequently, temperatureuniformity is increased greatly, and deformation cannot be caused due tothermal difference; on the other hand, heating time can be shortened,and the efficiency and quality of brazing can be increased.

The through gas passages can be one or any combination of three types ofstructures including horizontal gas passages, longitudinal gas passagesand oblique gas passages.

The temperature of the above-mentioned high-temperature gas can behigher than the temperature of the brazing filler metal used in brazingbut lower than the temperature of base metal, so that the brazing fillermetal can be melted while the base metal is not damaged. Thehigh-temperature gas can be shielding gas, such as nitrogen, helium orhydrogen.

Cold gas can be utilized to flow through the gas passages to decreasetemperature to cool the hollow pipes, the first panel and the secondpanel for shaping.

Further, at least one end of each hollow pipe is provided with a flange;the multiple hollow pipes all are hollow pipes with flanges; or themultiple hollow pipes include hollow pipes with flanges and hollow pipeswithout flanges. The flanges can enlarge the welding areas between thehollow pipes and the panels, increasing the brazing strength of thehollow pipes.

Each flange of this disclosure can be a contact surface bent outwardlyalong the end of the hollow pipe or a contact surface bent inwardlyalong the end of the hollow pipe; the flange can also be separatelyarranged contact surfaces extending outwardly along the end of thehollow pipe, such as at least two symmetrical semicircles or at leasttwo symmetrical strips, or another specially shaped structure, such as apetal shape; and the flange can also be a contact surface which isturned out horizontally along the end of the hollow pipe and bentdownwardly. Any of the above-mentioned flange structures can enlarge thewelding areas between the hollow pipes and the panels.

In addition, among the multiple hollow pipes, at least one end of eachof part of the hollow pipes may be provided with the flange, and theother hollow pipes may not be provided with flanges.

Further, each hollow pipe can be of a closed structure, a hollowstructure, a semi-closed structure or the like. For example, the closedstructure can be a structure, the inner cavity of which is hollow andthe ends of which are closed, or can be a closed structure in which theabove-mentioned flange is turned inwardly to cover the end of the hollowpipe. The semi-closed structure can be that the inner cavity of thehollow pipe is semi-closed, or can be that the tubular wall of thehollow pipe is semi-closed, for example, the tubular wall is providedwith a slot, the opening of which is small, or the hollow pipe isprovided with multiple holes.

Further, the section shape of each hollow pipe is a circle or an ellipseor an N-sided polygon, wherein N is greater than or equal to 3. TheN-sided polygon can be a triangle, a square, a pentagon, etc.

Preferably, each hollow pipe is a circular hollow pipe, which hasadvantages, such as uniform stress, uneasy deformation and highstability, moreover, the production process is simple, and the cost islow. In addition, when each hollow pipe is of the N-sided polygon,preferably, N is greater than 5, and the higher the value of N is, themore each hollow pipe approximates to the circular hollow pipe.

Further, the first panel and the second panel are flat panels or curvedpanels, or one panel is a flat panel and the other panel is a curvedpanel.

The curved panel can be applied to hulls, frameworks and so on with anycurved structures, and the line form of the curved panel can be curved,wavy, etc.; and the shape of the flat panel can be set according torequirements. The first panel and the second panel can be arranged inparallel, or can be arranged non-parallelly.

When the panels are curved panels, the axes of the hollow pipes areperpendicular to tangent lines to the curved surfaces of the curvedpanels, in this way, the strength of connection between the hollow pipesand the panels can be enhanced, and lack of welding at multiplepositions of the hollow pipes or production of crevices or holes isprevented.

Further, the material of the first panel and/or the second panel is astainless steel, carbon steel, titanium or copper alloy plate.Preferably, a high-temperature-resistant material is adopted to producethe first panel and the second panel, so that the hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate can have effects, such as fire proofing.

Further, the material of the hollow pipes is a stainless steel, carbonsteel, titanium or copper alloy plate.

Further, the hollow pipes are connected to the first panel and thesecond panel through brazing filler metal by brazing, and copper,aluminum, tin or alloy brazing filler metal is adopted as the brazingfiller metal. Preferably, the brazing filler metal is a material with ahigh melting point and can resist high temperature.

Further, the hollow pipes are connected to the first panel and thesecond panel through brazing filler metal by brazing, and the brazingfiller metal is laid directly or arranged in the form of loops betweenthe hollow pipes and the first panel and between the hollow pipes andthe second panel. “In the form of loops” means that the brazing fillermetal rings or encircles the hollow pipes.

Further, the hollow pipes are provided with gas holes. On one hand, viathe gas holes, the hollow pipes can be vacuumized and filled withshielding gas and/or reducing gas to ensure that the inner cavities ofthe hollow pipes are under an oxygen-free environment and a reducingenvironment, ensuring that the hollow pipes cannot be oxidized, andthereby the strength and quality of the whole structure are ensured; andon the other hand, via the gas holes, a thermal insulation material,such as raw foaming solution, can be injected.

The gas hole can be arranged at any position of the hollow pipe. The gashole is arranged at the upper part of the hollow pipe, and the gas holeis arranged at a position 5 mm to 20 mm away from the top of the hollowpipe, which can help to discharge gas with density lower than that ofthe air, such as oxygen. There is at least one gas hole.

Further, the thermal insulation material is arranged in the innercavities of the hollow pipes and/or between the adjacent hollow pipes.Thus, the hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate can have the effects ofthermal insulation, sound insulation and vibration isolation.

The thermal insulation material can be one or any combination ofsintered particles, sawdust, inorganic cotton, foaming material and soon. The thermal insulation material, such as foaming material, isinjected into the hollow pipes via the gas holes, and the foamingmaterial can be raw polyurethane solution or raw phenolic resinsolution; in addition, the foaming material injected into the hollowpipes not only plays the role of thermal insulation, but also can reduceconvection in the pipe bodies, enhancing the effect of sound insulation;furthermore, the filling foamed layer can serve as a supportingstructure to prevent the hollow pipes from being bent and increase thesupporting force of the hollow pipes; moreover, the service life of thefoam is long, and because there is no air inside, cracking, variousreactions and so on won't occur.

All or part of the arrangement gaps among the hollow pipes are filledwith the thermal insulation material.

Further, a border is arranged on at least one of the sides of thecircumference of the first panel and/or the second panel.

Further, the multiple hollow pipes are limited by limiting metal, andthe multiple hollow pipes in any row are connected into a whole throughthe limiting metal; the limiting metal is brazing filler metal, thebrazing filler metal is provided with holes corresponding to thepositions of the hollow pipes, and the edges of the holes are providedwith limiting structures for limiting the hollow pipes; or the limitingmetal is shaped like a sheet, a strip or a wire.

By means of the limiting metal, in the process of assembling and brazingthe metal plate or after brazing and at the initial stage of cooling,the phenomenon that the hollow pipes shift, topple down or are blown tobe inclined cannot be caused due to factors such as gas flow and heatcirculation, and thereby working efficiency and brazing quality areincreased greatly.

The above-mentioned limiting metal means a metal material capable oflimiting the hollow pipes, such as brazing filler metal, metal wires andmetal sheets, wherein the metal wires each can be of a strip structure,and are connected to the hollow pipes by way of welding or winding; andthe metal wires can also be of annular structures, and encircle and arewelded to the hollow pipes.

In the above-mentioned solution, there is at least one piece of brazingfiller metal; when there is more than one piece of brazing filler metal,the multiple hollow pipes are divided into multiple groups, and eachgroup corresponds to one piece of brazing filler metal.

Each metal sheet is provided with multiple projections, and eachprojection is connected to one hollow pipe corresponding to itsposition.

“The multiple hollow pipes in any row are connected into a whole throughthe limiting metal” can be “the hollow pipes in any row are connectedinto a whole through the limiting metal” or “the hollow pipes in any roware divided into groups, and each group of hollow pipes are connectedinto a whole through the limiting metal” or “the hollow pipes in part ofthe rows are connected into a whole through the limiting metal, thehollow pipes in the other rows are divided into groups, and each groupof hollow pipes are connected into a whole through the limiting metal”.In addition, “the multiple hollow pipes in any row are connected into awhole through the limiting metal” can be “the hollow pipes in each roware connected into a whole through the limiting metal” or “the hollowpipes in two, three . . . or N adjacent rows are connected into a wholethrough the limiting metal”.

The metal wires can limit any combination of the hollow pipes in thehorizontal and longitudinal rows, the horizontal and oblique rows, thelongitudinal and oblique rows, the horizontal rows, the longitudinalrows or the oblique rows.

The material of the above-mentioned limiting metal can be the same as ordifferent from a base material.

Further, the limiting structures are flanges which downwardly extend outfrom the brazing filler metal along the edges of the holes, and theholes limit the hollow pipes by means of the flanges; or each limitingportion consists of limiting projections extending outwardly from thebrazing filler metal along the edge of one hole and a flange downwardlyextending out along the edge of the hole, and the holes limit the hollowpipes by means of the flanges, and stick the hollow pipes by means ofthe limiting projections. Thus, the hollow pipes can be prevented fromshifting, and the accuracy of the positions of the hollow pipes isincreased greatly. The shape of the limiting projection can be of anystructure, such as a curved, polygonal or irregularly-shaped structure,as long as the hollow pipes can be stuck.

Further, the brazing filler metal is hollowed out at non-hollow-pipepositions, and thus, the piling of excessive brazing filler metal can beprevented in the process of heating.

Further, the multiple hollow pipes can be arranged optionally intodifferent shapes, such as a square, a polygon or another shape.

Another hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate of the present disclosurecomprises a first panel, a second panel, and multiple hollow pipesbetween the first panel and the second panel; a gap is arranged betweenat least two hollow pipes, the hollow pipes are connected to the firstpanel and the second panel by brazing, and the edges of the panels areflanged or not flanged.

For example, when the panels are flanged, another plate which isperpendicular to the panel extends out from the edge of each panel, theplate can substitute for the above-mentioned border, and hollow pipescan also be added on the plate, so that a metal plate with a corner isformed.

Applications of a hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate are characterizedin that the hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate comprises a first panel,a second panel, and a plurality of hollow pipes between the first paneland the second panel, and is used as a material for a buildingstructure, a vehicle, a ship, an aircraft, aerospace equipment, acontainer, a bridge, a road, a tunnel, a railway foundation, furniture,a culvert, a vacuum pipeline or a case; a gap is arranged between atleast two hollow pipes, and the hollow pipes are connected to the firstpanel and the second panel by brazing.

The building structure can be but is not limited to girders, columns,floor plates, walls, balconies and awnings.

The vehicle can be sedans, coaches, trucks, cementing trucks, etc., orcan be metros, light rails, magnetic levitation, municipal railways,streetcars, etc., the ships can be steamships, aircraft carriers, etc.,the aircraft can be airliners, helicopters, gliders, etc., the metalplate can be used as hulls, frameworks and accessory materials of theabove-mentioned means, and the accessory materials can be engine hoods,reinforcing rib plates, bulkheads, etc.

The aerospace equipment can be a spacecraft, such as a satellite, aspaceship or a probe.

A container body of the container is made of the metal plates. Thecontainer body can comprise a bottom plate, a top plate, side plates,doors, etc.

A bridge body of the bridge is made of the metal plates. The bridge canbe an overpass, a pedestrian overpass, a boarding bridge for planes,etc. The bridge body can comprise a bridge deck, steps, guardrails,supporting bodies, etc.

The road is made of the metal plates. The road can be a street, arunway, an indoor floor, etc.

The body, the lining and so on of the tunnel can be made of the metalplates.

The railway foundation is normally a ballastless track, and the metalplates can substitute for a shockproof layer and an anti-seepage layerbetween precast concrete members, the railway foundation and precastconcrete members.

A furniture body of the furniture is made of the metal plates. Thefurniture can be a table, a chair, a cabinet, a bed, etc.

A culvert body of the culvert is made of the metal plates.

A pipe body of the vacuum pipeline is made of the metal plates. Forexample, the vacuum pipe is a vacuum transportation pipeline.

A case body of the case is made of the metal plates. The case can be atool kit, a suitcase, a storage box, etc.

The metal plate of the present disclosure can be used in any engineeringfield, and has advantages, such as light weight, high strength, rustresistance, aging resistance, eternal life, thermal insulation,vibration isolation and good stability, moreover, the metal plate iseasy and convenient to connect or assemble, and time and labor can besaved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 2 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollow pipeaccording to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 4 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 5 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollow pipeaccording to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollow pipeaccording to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 8 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a panel accordingto an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a panel accordingto an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a panel accordingto an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 12 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of hollow pipesaccording to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 13 illustrates an A-A sectional view of hollow pipes of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of hollow pipesaccording to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 15 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of hollow pipesaccording to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 16 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 17 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 18 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 19 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 20 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 21 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 22 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 23 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 24 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 25 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 26 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 27 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 28 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 29 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure; and

FIG. 30 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plate according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure will be further described in detail below inreference to the drawings of the specification.

As shown in FIG. 1, a hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate comprises afirst panel 1, a second panel 2, and multiple hollow pipes 3 between thefirst panel 1 and the second panel 2; gaps are arranged among themultiple hollow pipes 3, and the hollow pipes 3 are connected to thefirst panel 1 and the second panel 2 by brazing.

In the present embodiment, the section shape of each hollow pipe 3 is acircle, and each hollow pipe 3 is of a hollow structure. A certaindistance is arranged between each two adjacent hollow pipes 3.

The upper and lower ends of each hollow pipe 3 are provided with flanges5-1, which are turned outward to form circles. The flanges 5-1 of thehollow pipes 3 are connected to the first panel 1 and the second panel 2through brazing filler metal 4 by brazing, and the brazing filler metal4 is laid directly between the hollow pipes 3 and the two panels.

In the present embodiment, the brazing filler metal 4 is copper brazingfiller metal. Both the first panel 1 and the second panel 2 are flatpanels. The first panel 1, the second panel 2 and the hollow pipes 3 areall made of stainless steel.

Each hollow pipe 3 is provided with a gas hole 31, and the gas hole 31is arranged at a position 10 mm away from the top of the hollow pipe. Inthe process of brazing, shielding gas can be injected into the hollowpipes 3, and when the content of oxygen is very low, reducing gas can beinjected to reduce oxide layers of the stainless steel hollow pipes. Thegas can be discharged via the gas holes 31.

Preferably, the hollow pipes can be filled with a foaming material (suchas raw polyurethane solution) via the gas holes, and the foamingmaterial can be foamed into polyurethane foam in the hollow pipes; andbesides, foaming inorganic particles can also be arranged in the hollowpipes in advance.

The arrangement gaps among the hollow pipes can also be filled withinorganic cotton, such as mineral wool. The mineral wool is block-like,and its size can match the gaps among the hollow pipes, so that eachpiece of mineral wool can be just tightly put into the gaps among thehollow pipes.

As shown in FIG. 2, brazing filler metal 4′ is punched and flanged, sothat the hollow pipes 3 are nested in flanges 41′ of the brazing fillermetal 4′ and limited.

As shown in FIG. 3, the brazing filler metal 4′ is provided with hollows6 at non-hollow-pipe positions.

As shown in FIG. 4, the front edges and the rear edges of the multiplehollow pipes 3 are provided with borders 7, the borders 7 adoptstainless steel, and the borders 7, the first panel 1 and the secondpanel 2 are connected into a whole by brazing.

As shown in FIG. 5, both the upper and lower ends of each hollow pipe 3are provided with flanges 5-2, each flange 5-2 consists of twosemicircular structures which are arranged symmetrically on the hollowpipe, and the flanges 5-2 of the hollow pipes are connected to the firstpanel and the second panel by brazing.

As shown in FIG. 6, the section shape of each hollow pipe 3′ is asquare, both the upper and lower ends of the hollow pipe 3′ are providedwith flanges 5-3, each flange 5-3 consists of two bent structures whichare arranged symmetrically on the hollow pipe, and the flanges 5-3 ofthe hollow pipes are connected to the first panel and the second panelby brazing.

As shown in FIG. 7, through gas passages 8 are arranged among themultiple hollow pipes 3, and high-temperature gas is utilized to flowforward, backward, leftward and rightward through the gas passages 8 forheating to braze the hollow pipes 3 to the first panel 1 and the secondpanel 2.

Specifically, the hollow pipes 3 are circular pipes, and the number ofthe hollow pipes can be chosen according to requirements. The adjacenthollow pipes 3 are arranged at intervals, forming horizontal gaspassages 81 and longitudinal gas passages 82. The high-temperature gasgets into the inner cavity of the metal plate via the horizontal gaspassages 81 and the longitudinal gas passages 82. The hollow pipes 3 arebrazed to the first panel and the second panel through brazing fillermetal by means of the high-temperature gas, and the brazing filler metalis laid between the hollow pipes and the first panel and between thehollow pipes and the second panel. The brazing filler metal is copperbrazing filler metal, the temperature of the high-temperature gas ishigher than the melting point of copper, and is lower than the meltingpoint of the material of the first panel, the second panel and thehollow pipes, in this way, the copper brazing filler metal can be meltedby the high-temperature gas, and the liquid copper brazing filler metalis utilize to wet the base material, fill the gaps of connection anddiffuse with the base material, so that fixed connection is achieved.After brazing is complete, cold gas is utilized to flow forward,backward, leftward and rightward through the horizontal gas passages 81and the longitudinal gas passages 82 to cool the hollow pipes 3, thefirst panel and the second panel for shaping. Both the high-temperaturegas and the cold gas are nitrogen.

A connecting plate can be inserted between each two adjacent rows ofhollow pipes, the connecting plate is provided with branches, thepositions of the branches correspond to the positions of the gas holes31, the branches are inserted in the holes, and the two adjacent rows ofhollow pipes are exhausted from one end of the connecting plate, so thatthe hollow pipes are under an oxygen-free environment.

As shown in FIG. 8, both the first panel 1′ and the second panel 2′ arecurved panels. Both ends of the hollow pipes 3 are connectedperpendicularly to the contact surfaces of the panels. The line form ofthe curved panel is curved, the multiple hollow pipes 3 are arranged atintervals, the axis of each hollow pipe 3 is perpendicular to a tangentline of a corresponding curve, thus, the strength of connection betweenthe hollow pipes 3 and the panels can be enhanced, brazing nonuniformitycaused by lack of welding at multiple positions of the hollow pipes orproduction of crevices or holes is prevented, and thereby the solutioncan greatly increase overall strength and quality.

The first panel 1′ and the second panel 2′ have the same shape. Thecentral angle of the curved panel can be designed to be large, or can bedesigned to be small.

The other structures are the same as those of FIG. 1 or 2.

As shown in FIG. 9, the first panel 1′ is a curved panel, the secondpanel 2 is a flat panel, the ends of the hollow pipes 3″ which areconnected to the curved panel are parallel or approximately parallel tothe contact surface of the curved plate, both the upper and lower endsof the hollow pipes 3″ are provided with flanges, the flanges areparallel or approximately parallel to the contact surface of the curvedplate, consequently, the hollow pipes 3″ and the curved panel can bewelded firmly, lack of welding at multiple positions of the hollow pipesor production of crevices or holes is prevented, and thereby overallstrength and quality are increased greatly.

The other structures are the same as those of FIG. 1 or 2, and of FIG.8.

As shown in FIG. 10, both the first panel 1′ and the second panel 2′ arecurved panels, and the line form of the curved panels is wavy.

The other structures are the same as those of FIG. 1 or 2, and of FIG.8.

In some embodiments, both the first panel and the second panel are flatpanels, and moreover, the first panel is not parallel to the secondpanel, that is, the first panel is arranged obliquely, and the secondpanel is arranged horizontally. The end of each hollow pipe, which isconnected to the first panel, is a slope, both the upper and lower endsof the hollow pipes are provided with flanges, the flanges are parallelor approximately parallel to the contact surface of the first panel,consequently, the hollow pipes and the curved panel can be weldedfirmly, lack of welding at multiple positions of the hollow pipes orproduction of crevices or holes is prevented, and thereby overallstrength and quality are increased greatly.

The other structures are the same as those of FIG. 1 or 2 and of FIG. 8.

As shown in FIG. 11, brazing filler metal 4′ in the present embodimentis a sheet, and brazing filler metal 4′ is punched and flanged.

In the present embodiment, the multiple hollow pipes 3 are arranged intomultiple rows, each longitudinal row corresponds to one piece of brazingfiller metal 4′, and holes 42′ in each brazing filler metal 4′correspond to the number of each row of hollow pipes 3. For example, themultiple hollow pipes 3 are arranged into nine rows, the upper end andthe lower end of each longitudinal row respectively correspond to onepiece of brazing filler metal 4′, and there are 18 pieces of brazingfiller metal in total.

As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the brazing filler metal 4′ is shapedlike a strip, and multiple holes 42′ with walls 43′ are connecteddirectly into a whole through connecting ribs 44′ to form the brazingfiller metal 4′.

As shown in FIG. 14, limiting projections 45′ extend outwardly from thebrazing filler metal 4′ along the edge of each hole 42′, and each hole42′ hoops one hollow pipe 3 by means of the flange 41′, and sticks thehollow pipe by means of the limiting projections 45′.

There are two limiting projections 45′ in the present embodiment, andthe limiting projections 45′ are arranged symmetrically, and are shapedlike strips.

The other structures are the same as those of FIGS. 12 and 13.

As shown in FIG. 15, there are four limiting projections 45′, which arearranged symmetrically. The brazing filler metal 4′ is one-piece, andthe brazing filler metal 4′ is hollowed out or punched atnon-hollow-pipe positions, that is, the holes 42′ are connected throughbrazing filler metal connecting ribs 46′.

Each brazing filler metal connecting rib 46′ is provided with a slot461′, so that the brazing filler metal is saved greatly.

The other structures are the same as those of FIG. 14.

As shown in FIG. 16, the hollow pipes are limited by metal sheets 9rather than the brazing filler metal. The brazing filler metal can belaid between the hollow pipes and the panels.

For example, the upper ends and the lower ends of the hollow pipes 3 ineach two adjacent horizontal rows respectively share one metal sheet 9,furthermore, both the upper ends and the lower ends of the hollow pipes3 are provided with flanges 5-1, the metal sheet 9 is connected to theflange of the upper end/lower end of each hollow pipe in the horizontalrows by welding, and preferably, the metal sheet 9 is connected to thebottom surfaces of the flanges 5-1 of the hollow pipes by welding, forexample, adopting an electric resistance welding method. The material ofthe metal sheets 9 is stainless steel.

The metal sheet as a limiting structure in the present embodiment formsthe multiple hollow pipes 3 into a whole, that is, a module with certainspecifications is formed. When the first panel 1, the second panel 2,and the hollow pipes 3 are assembled, the multiple hollow pipes can beplaced as a whole, consequently, the speed of assembly is increasedgreatly, and thereby working efficiency is increased.

In addition, such an integral limiting method can ensure that everyhollow pipe won't shift and topple down, greatly increasing the accuracyof the positions of the hollow pipes, and thereby brazing quality isincreased.

As shown in FIG. 17, the hollow pipes 3 are limited by metal wires 10rather than the brazing filler metal. The brazing filler metal can belaid between the hollow pipes and the panels.

For example, both sides of the upper ends and the lower ends of thehollow pipes 3 in each row respectively share one metal wire 10, themetal wires 10 are welded to the flanges 5-1 of each hollow pipe, andthereby the metal wires 10 connect this row of hollow pipes 3 into awhole. The hollow pipes in two oblique rows are then chosen, metal wires10 are respectively welded to the upper and lower ends, and thus, amongthe hollow pipes in each horizontal row, two hollow pipes are connectedby metal wires in the oblique rows. Such a connection method can formall the hollow pipes into a module with certain specifications, that is,all the hollow pipes are connected into a whole. The advantages are asfollows: on one hand, in the process of assembling the hollow pipes andthe panels, the speed of assembly can be increased greatly, and therebyworking efficiency is increased; on the other hand, it can be ensuredthat every hollow pipe won't shift and topple down, greatly increasingthe accuracy of the positions of the hollow pipes, and thereby brazingquality is increased.

The metal wire 10 is of a line-shaped structure, and the material is astainless steel wire.

In some embodiments, the brazing filler metal at the upper ends and thelower ends of the hollow pipes is arranged in different ways. Forexample, for the upper ends of the hollow pipes, each longitudinal rowcorresponds to one piece of brazing filler metal, and the holes in thebrazing filler metal correspond to the number of each row of hollowpipes; for the lower ends of the hollow pipes, each two adjacentlongitudinal rows correspond to one piece of brazing filler metal, andthe holes in each piece of brazing filler metal correspond to the numberof the hollow pipes in each two adjacent longitudinal rows.

The other structures are the same as those of FIG. 11.

In some embodiments, the side number of each hollow pipe is greater thanthat of a pentagon and less than or equal to that of a decagon, forexample, the hollow pipe is a hexagonal pipe, a heptagonal pipe, anoctagonal pipe or a nonagonal pipe.

As shown in FIG. 18, a bridge body 11 of a bridge structure comprisespiers 111, bent caps 112, supporting beams 113, and a bridge deck 114,the bent caps 112 are arranged on the piers 111, the supporting beams113 span the multiple bent caps 112 by means of supports 115, and thebridge deck 114 is connected to the supporting beams 113.

At least one structure among the piers 111, the bent caps 112, thesupporting beams 113 and the bridge deck 114 is made of any one of thehollow pipe-sandwiching metal plates in embodiments 1-19. Both thesupporting beams 113 and the bridge deck 114 can be respectively made ofone hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate, or can be made by assemblingmultiple hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plates. Both the piers 111 andthe bent caps 112 can be respectively formed into a columnar structureby assembling four hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plates.

All the metal plates are connected by welding into the bridge structure,and are reinforced by bolts.

The bridge body which is made of the metal plates has the advantages ofhigh strength, good bearing capability, shock resistance, lightself-weight, fireproofness and disassemblability.

As shown in FIG. 19, a door comprises a door body 12, and the door body12 is made of any one of the hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plates inembodiments 1-19.

The out layer of the hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate is wrapped by asurface decorative material 121 such as a veneer or paint.

The door which is made of the metal plate has the advantages of highstrength, good thermal insulation, light self-weight and fireproofness.

As shown in FIG. 20, a storage cabinet comprises a cabinet body 13, andpartitions 131 are arranged in the cabinet body 13, wherein at least onestructure among the cabinet body 13 and the partitions 131 is made ofany one of the hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plates in embodiments 1-19.The multiple metal plates are connected through multiple bolts into thecabinet body structure. The partitions 131 are divided into horizontalpartitions and vertical partitions, and the vertical partitions areconnected to the inner wall of the cabinet body through bolts; and thehorizontal partitions are also connected to the cabinet body and thevertical partitions through bolts.

The storage cabinet which is made of the metal plates has the advantagesof high strength, good thermal insulation, light self-weight andfireproofness.

As shown in FIG. 21, a vacuum pipeline comprises a pipe body 14, thepipe body 14 is made of the four hollow pipe-sandwiching metal platesdescribed in embodiment 8, and the metal plates are assembled into apipeline structure, the cross section of which is circular.

The multiple metal plates are assembled into a whole by adopting thewelding method, and are reinforced by bolts.

The vacuum pipeline can be used for hyperloop transportation, etc.

As shown in FIG. 22, a container body 15 of a container comprises a topplate 151, a bottom plate 152, side plates 153, and an end plate 154,one end of the container body 15 is provided with a container door, thetwo ends of the container body 15 are provided with frames 155, and thecorners of the container body 15 are provided with hoisting holes 156.

At least one structure among the top plate 151, the bottom plate 152,the side plates 153, the end plate 154, the container door and theframes 155 is made of any one of the hollow pipe-sandwiching metalplates in embodiments 1-19. The top plate 151, the bottom plate 152, theside plates 153, the end plate 154, the container door and the frames155 are connected by welding and are reinforced by bolts.

As shown in FIG. 23, a case body 16 of a suitcase is made of any one ofthe hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plates in embodiments 1-19.

The out layer of the hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate is wrapped by asurface decorative material such as leather or paint.

As shown in FIG. 24, a body 17 of a tunnel is made of a lining 171, apartition plate 172 is connected to the top in the body 17, and at leastone structure among the lining 171 and the partition plate 172 is madeof any one of the hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plates in embodiments1-19. The multiple metal plates of the lining are welded and bolted toform the body of the tunnel, and the partition plate 172 is connected tothe inner cavity of the lining 171 through bolts.

In some embodiments, the multiple hollow pipe-sandwiching metal platesdescribed in any one of embodiments 1-19 are spliced to form a road, andcan be connected through bolts, and thus, after being damaged, one metalplate can be dismantled directly and be replaced by a new metal plate,without affecting transportation.

As shown in FIG. 25, a sedan comprises a sedan body 18, the sedan bodycomprises an engine hood 181, a front bumper 182, a frame 183, a roof184, front fenders 185, front doors 186, back doors 187, and a trunk lid188, wherein at least one structure among the engine hood 181, the frontbumper 182, the frame 183, the roof 184, the front fenders 185, thefront doors 186, the back doors 187 and the trunk lid 188 is made of anyone of the hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plates in embodiments 1-19. Themetal plates as well as the metal plates and the other parts of thesedan body can be connected by hinging, welding, bolting and other waysto form a sedan body structure.

As shown in FIG. 26, a track body 19 of a ballastless track comprises afoundation 191, a track plate 192, and a fastener system 193, and thefoundation 191 is connected to the track plate 192 through flexibleadhesive 194.

The multiple hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plates in any one ofembodiments 1-19 are spliced to form at least one structure of thefoundation 191 and the track plate 192, and can be fixed by weldingand/or bolting.

As shown in FIG. 27, a train body 20 of a rail train comprises carriagewall plates 201 and floors 202. When the train runs in a vacuum pipeline203, a track plate 204 is arranged in the vacuum pipeline 203. At leastone structure among the carriage wall plates 201, the floors 202 and thetrack plate 204 is made of any one of the hollow pipe-sandwiching metalplates in embodiments 1-19. The vacuum pipeline 203 is made of thehollow pipe-sandwiching metal plates described in embodiment 8. Themetal plates as well as the metal plates and the other parts of the carbody can be connected by hinging, welding, bolting and other ways toform a train body structure, a pipeline structure or a track platestructure.

As shown in FIG. 28, a ship body 21 of a ship structure comprises a hull211, reinforcing plates 212, compartment bulkheads 213, and reinforcingbulkheads 214, and at least one structure among the hull 211, thereinforcing plates 212, the compartment bulkheads 213 and thereinforcing bulkheads 214 is made of any one of the hollowpipe-sandwiching metal plates in embodiments 1-19. The metal plates aswell as the metal plates and the other parts of the ship body can beconnected by hinging, welding, bolting and other ways to form a shipbody structure.

As shown in FIG. 29, a plane body 22 of a plane comprises a fuselage,wings, and a plane bottom, wherein the fuselage comprises a fuselageskin 221, and first bulkheads 222 and longerons 223 arranged in theinner cavity of the fuselage skin 221. Each wing comprises a wing skin224 and longitudinal walls 225 arranged in the inner cavity of the wingskin. The plane bottom comprises a floor 226, the fuselage skin 221, andsecond bulkheads 227 and crossbeams 228 arranged in the inner cavity ofthe fuselage skin.

At least one structure among the fuselage skin 221, the first bulkheads222, the longerons 223, the wing skins 224, the longitudinal walls 225,the floor 226, the second bulkheads 227 and the crossbeams 228 is madeof any one of the hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plates in embodiments1-19. Normally, the plane body is completely of an arc-shaped structure,and is preferably made of the hollow pipe-sandwiching metal platesdescribed in embodiment 8.

The metal plates as well as the metal plates and the other parts of theplane body can be connected by hinging, welding, bolting and other waysto form the plane body structure.

As shown in FIG. 30, a column body 23 of a building bearing columnconsists of the four hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plates in any one ofembodiments 1-19; and the four metal plates define a square shape, andare connected with one another to form the building bearing column.

The metal plates can be connected by welding, bolting or another way.

Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variationson the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope ofthe present disclosure. Thus, if these modifications and variations ofthe present disclosure belong to the scope of the claims of the presentdisclosure and its equivalent techniques, then the present disclosurealso includes these modifications and variations.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for forming a hollow pipe-sandwichingmetal plate, the method comprising: arranging a plurality of hollowpipes between a first panel and a second panel to form through gaspassages that divide the plurality of hollow pipes into groups of hollowpipes, wherein each of the plurality of hollow pipes comprises a firstflange separated from a second flange by a sidewall, and a gas holeextending through the sidewall; applying a brazing material at least tothe first flange and the second flange; and injecting a first gas intothe through gas passages, wherein the first gas flows into each of theplurality of hollow pipes through the gas hole, and wherein the firstgas melts the brazing material to bond the plurality of hollow pipes tothe first panel and the second panel.
 2. The method of claim 1, whereinapplying the brazing material at least to portions of the first flangeand the second flange further comprises: punching a piece of the brazingmaterial to form a base and a flange that projects perpendicularly fromthe base; and inserting the flange of the piece of the brazing materialinto an end of one of the plurality of hollow pipes.
 3. The method ofclaim 1, wherein applying the brazing material at least to portions ofthe first flange and the second flange further comprises: forming thebrazing material into a sheet having a plurality of rings, wherein eachof the plurality of rings is attached to an adjacent ring by a rib, andwherein each of the plurality of rings includes a base and a flange thatprojects perpendicularly from the base; and inserting the flange of eachof the plurality of rings into a different one of the plurality ofhollow pipes.
 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the rib includes ahollow slot.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein applying the brazingmaterial at least to portions of the first flange and the second flangefurther comprises: forming the brazing material into an elongated strip;punching the brazing material to form a plurality of flanges projectingperpendicularly from a base of the elongated strip; and inserting eachof the plurality of flanges of the brazing material into a different oneof the plurality of hollow pipes.
 6. The method of claim 1, whereinapplying the brazing material at least to portions of the first flangeand the second flange further comprises: forming the brazing materialinto a series of rings, wherein each ring in the series of ringsconnected to an adjacent ring by a rib, and wherein each ring includes aflange that projects perpendicularly from a common base; and insertingthe flange of each of the plurality of rings into a different one of theplurality of hollow pipes.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein arrangingthe plurality of hollow pipes between the first panel and the secondpanel further comprises: separating rows of hollow pipes with anelongated sheet of metal.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein arrangingthe plurality of hollow pipes between the first panel and the secondpanel further comprises: securing rows of hollow pipes with metal wires.9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: extracting oxygen fromeach of the plurality of hollow pipes via the gas hole; and injecting asecond gas into the through gas passages, wherein the second gas flowsinto each of the plurality of hollow pipes through the gas hole, andwherein the second gas prevents oxidation inside of each of theplurality of hollow pipes.
 10. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: injecting a third gas into the through gas passages, whereinthe third gas cools the hollow pipe-sandwiching metal plate after theplurality of hollow pipes are bonded to the first panel and the secondpanel.
 11. The method of claim 1, further comprising: injecting athermal insulation material into each of the plurality of hollow pipesvia the gas hole.
 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the thermalinsulation material comprises at least one of sintered particles,sawdust, inorganic cotton, and a foaming material.
 13. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising: filling gaps among the plurality of hollowpipes with thermal insulation material, wherein the thermal insulationmaterial comprises at least one of sintered particles, sawdust,inorganic cotton, and a foaming material.
 14. The method of claim 1,wherein the brazing material comprises copper.
 15. The method of claim1, wherein the through gas passages includes at least two through gaspassages, and wherein the at least two through gas passages intersect.